In the first place, the estates were legally defined – each estate having a status in the sense of a complex of rights and duties, of privileges and obligations. Types of Social Stratification. Second, the question of enjoyment of political rights by slaves does not naturally arise. the caste system in India) In the 18th and 19th centuries, slaves were used exclusively as plantation workers and as domestic menials in the United States, South America and the West Indies. Social stratification refers to the way people are ranked and ordered in society. The ancient Aryas were divided into four varnas: the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Sudras. It is a system of inherited inequality as the guiding principle in social relationships. Social Stratification refers to the placement of people in society into a hierarchical arrangement. The work of Davis and Moore on social stratification from a functionalist perspective. The master can make him work for as many hours as he wants and in as arduous works as he chooses. However, sociologists have grouped majority of these into four basic systems of stratification: slavery, estates, caste and class. Sociologists generally distinguish four main types of social stratification - slavery, estate, caste and social class and status. social stratification functions of social stratification In Western countries, this stratification primarily occurs as a result of socioeconomic status in which a hierarchy determines the groups most likely to gain access to financial resources and forms of privilege. The feudal estates of Mediaeval Europe had three important characteristics. Slavery . 29.2.1 Dinlensions or Bases of Social Stratification f 29.3 Types of Social Stratification 29.3.1 Age-set Systein b 29.3.2 Slave System 29.3.3 Estate System 29.3.4 Caste System 29.3.5 Class System 29.3.G Race and Ethnicity 29.4 Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Social Stratification I 29.4… 4.2 Explaining Stratification Learning Objectives. To begin with, there has been in all periods of history a conflict between the conception of slave as an object or property and the conception of slave as a human being with inherent emotions, feelings and potentials for growth of personality. The voice of protest against the inequities of the institution has been raised in all subsequent periods in all parts of the world. Just as the name of each class suggests, The concept of social stratification is interpreted differently by the various theoretical perspectives of sociology. Third, socially he is despised. Mentioned below are the most common types of social stratification being followed in the society:-1. It is the legally recognized division of society into slaves and citizens. Proponents of action theory have suggested that since social stratification is commonly found in developed societies, hierarchy may be necessary in order to stabilize social structure. Learn. Social stratification can be defined as a form of social inequity which involves the ranking of individuals into hierarchies according to their wealth and status and thus succeeding in the formation of distinct social groups (Haralambos & Holborn, 2004:1). Conflict 3. The people of a feudal society were divided into three groups: (i) The First Estate which consisted of the clergy, (ii) The Second Estate which consisted of the aristocracy, and. There are five basic points which gives clear idea about the causes of social stratification; (1) Inequality – Inequality exists because of natural differences in people‘s abilities. 1. According to Sutherland and Maxwell social stratification is defined as a process of differentiation that places some people higher than the others. Its basis is economic. Social stratification assumes different forms in different societies on different criteria. The caste system is an illustration of social closure in which access to wealth and prestige is closed to social groups, which are excluded from the performance of purifying rituals. Sociologists consider there to be three main systems of stratification in today’s societies. 4. It should be noted that classical feudalism consisted of only two estates, the clergy and the nobility. Biological traits to not become relevant in patterns of social superiority and inferiority until they are socially recognized and given importance by being incorporated into the beliefs, attitudes and values of the people in the society. (a) The nobility [the first (highest) estate], which was composed of aristocracy and gentry; (b) The clergy (the second estate), which had lower status but possessing various distinctive privileges; and. STUDY. In the United States, it is perfectly clear that some groups have greater status, power, and wealth than other groups. 4 Forms of Social Stratification: Caste, Class, Gender, Social Stratification in Urban and Industrial Settings ... (4) Social stratification involves not just inequality but beliefs as well. This movement in either direction is primarily the result of a person’s own effort, knowledge, and skills or lack of them. "Social stratification" is the most general term used to describe the hierarchical division of a society whereby its members are ranked according to their relative power, wealth, or prestige. Heterogeneity in the society is called as Social Stratification. [6] [7] ~ References ^ Jump up to: a b Saunders, Peter (1990). In India, this institution existed in the form of ‘bonded labour’. The slavery system; The estate system They are only distinguished for the purpose of analysis. (vii) Social inequality found among different strata is both positively functional and inevitable in every society. Outline the assumptions of the functionalist explanation of stratification. Human social stratification takes many forms. Slavery is an age-old institution. The decline of slavery may be attributed to two causes. Normally, people tend to shift horizontally from one job to another in the same social level (Macionis 2015, p. 235). Write. 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